WATER BORNE DISEASES

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Water diseases due to water contamination and improper disposal of wastes water and sanitation. These  diseases are:

  1. Cholera 
  2. Diarrhoea 
  3. Dysentery 
  4. Hepatitis A,Hepatitis E
  5. Polio 
  6. Typhoid 
Water diseases are of 3 kinds:
  • Water transmitted diseases.
  • Water borne diseases. 
  • Water related and water washed disease.
Water borne diseases are considered public health problem due to a number of reasons which includes:
  1. Their potential to cause large outbreaks. 
  2. High disease burden.
  3. For being major cause of admission and out patients visit to thw hospitals and health facilities mainly among young children.
  4. For many borne diseases no special treatment is available.
Note-Globally, 8,42,000 people die each year due  to Diarrhoea(most widely known water disease) as a result of unsafe drinking water, sanitation and hand hygiene. 

WASHFIT: In 2015, WHO and UNICEF  jointly developed it (water and sanitation for health facility improvement tool) it aims to guide small, primary health care facilities in low and middle-income countries. 

Government measures to tackle diseases.  
  1. National rural drinking water programme(NRDWP): It provides financial and technical assistance to the state government. It aims to provide every person in rural India with adequate safe water for  drinking, cooking, and other domestic basic needs on sustainable basis.
  2. National water quality submission was launched by Ministry of drinking water and sanitation in March 2017 to address the problem of arsenic and fluoride affected habitation in country. 
  3. Jal jeeevan mission: piped water supply to every household by 2024.

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