IASmanti⁵⁰

Topic.    International Agreement   Prelims               GS2   AUKUS  It is trilateral defence alliance/ security cooperation of three countries, namely Australia, UK and the US signed in September 2021, to form AUKUS to confront strategic tensions in the Pacific where China and US rivalry is growing.  Source- Hindustan Times  Challenges :   China muscular assertiveness in South China Sea  Rejection of of United nations Convention on the law of the sea ( UNCLOS) by People's Liberation Army (PLA). China's interpretation of historical claims over disputed water by advancing navy unilateral flexing. Aims : It aimed at advancing the interest of the US, Britain and Australia and upholding international rules based order while promoting peace and stability in the Indopacific.  Ensuring international waters are always international waters and international skies are international skies and that the rules of l...

 Topic.      Human resources                    Prelims               GS2 mains Vision : to cultivate one million children in India as neoteric  innovators.  It is India's a flagship scheme initiative of the  NITI Aayog. It is a workspace where young minds give shape to their ideas and learn skills through hands-on do-it yourself mode. Young children get chance to work with tools and equipment to understand the concept of STEM ( Science, Technology, Engineering and Math). Aim : To foster curiosity, imagination and creativity in young minds simultaneously culcating skills such as design mind set,computational thinking, adoptive learning, physical computing etc.

Topic      pharmaceutical sector industry    prelims                 GS2 mains What is National Digital Drug Database? It is a comprehensive, online, centralised drug databank consolidating real time data,on active pharmaceutical manufacturing companies in country, therapeutic class wise/ formulation wise approved branded/ unbranded products along with their manufacturing and marketing entities, may be created and maintained and made accessible to regulators, industry, physicians and consumers. Benefits:  It will address information asymmetry It will provide important inputs in mapping the regulatory needs in different states Information gaps on grants of licences, inspection and prosecution for non compliance, among others, could be bridged through real time data, that could be published on a central online portal. Issues : CCI conducted study on pharmaceutical sector: study found that in market brand competition ov...

Topic -       achievements of Indian scientists and their use in daily lives   Science and technology  Prelims         mains GS2 paper   6Bio  It is a drug compound ( 6- BromoIndirubin - 3-Oxime) developed by the Indian scientists to treat the Autism spectrum disorder (ASD)/ intellectual disorder (ID). Symptoms of intellectual disorder  Short term memory loss  Sleep issues  Difficulty in doing daily activities  Leaning issues  This has been proved to restore memory, learning and neuronal functions.  Source  https://pib.gov.in/PressReleaseIframePage.aspx?PRID=1772641

Topic                                      GS 2 mains   Issue relating to Development and management of Social sector/ Services relating to Health, Education, Human Resources Issues: village lacks hospitals hospitals at block levels lacks testing facilities districts hospitals lacks facilities for treatment of critical and serious diseases Big hospitals have long pending queue and patients have to wait shortcoming of healthcare infrastructure Shortage of doctors nurses and other health workres Lacks of medical colleges Research and training facilities according to WHO and Public Health Foundation of India  India produces only 13 new medical  graduates ( doctors and nurses)  per annum per 1000 persons compared with 55 in developed countries; more than 30% of doctors and 50% nurses are not part of workforce; India has nurse and doctors ratio  1.7:1 from recommended 3:1....

 Topic                          Issue related to health                    Prelims         Mains GS2  Coronary Artery Disease (CAD)? It refers to cholesterol deposits or plaques causing blockage of in the arteries supplying oxygenated blood to the heart . When suddenly blood clots develops in partially blocked arteries the blood supply to heart stops and a life threatening situation of a heart attack occurs often manifesting pain in chest in youths. Either heart beating stops or becomes faster extremely uncoordinated this termed as Cardiac arrest. Impacts:  1) High pain in heart                   2) Sudden death What are leading factors of CAD? Smoking Diabetes High blood pressure Tobacco ingestion obesity excessive stress Un healthy life style What to do: Moderate exercise blood p...

  Topic            Fundamental rights                              Prelims                               GS-2 mains                      Constitution of India                             Article 21   (Protection of life and personal liberty ) Clause : no person shall be deprived of his life or personal liberty except according to procedure stablished by law  Part 3rd of constitution of India  Under fundamental rights (12 to 35) Right to Privacy: it is a fundamental right protected within the constitution of India under the Article 21 as personal liberty which is part of life and personal liberty. Live in relationships : Allahabad high court has said that " live ...

Topic            B ilateral Relationship  GS-3PAPER                                           PRELIMS   ASEAN India Summit  India and Asean agreed to build on convergences in their vision of the Indo- Pacific to work for a free, open ,inclusive and rule based region against the backdrop of China's assertiveness.  Asean India joint statement on cooperation on the Asean outlook on the Indopacific for peace, stability and prosperity in the region.  The Joint statement seeks to build on maritime connectivity between India and Asean states and work done by the two sides they became summit level partners in 2002 and strategic partners in 2012. It embraces Asean centrality, openness, transparency, a rule based framework, respect for sovereignty, non intervention and respect for international laws including the UN Convention on the ...

  Topic  science and technology  Achievement of Indian scientists   Carbon pollution and solution    What is Photochemical process? Photochemical process is a reaction in which photon's energy( Solar energy) used as renewable energy resources in catalyst for chemical rection. Recently, Indian scientists has developed a new type of catalyst( micro- porous organic polymer)   that uses sunlight as source of energy to convert CO2 into methane as Value added products. CO2 passing through polymer inthe presence of sunlight and converted into  Methane  (CH4) Source: Pib.gov.in  Benefits of this catalyst: This catalyst is a micro- porous organic polymer that absorbs visible light to change CO2 into Methane.  This catalyst is organic, non toxic, metal free, cost effective. It has high production rate of Methane that has led to the Carbon capture.   Benefits of carbon to Methane production  Methane is main constituent of Natur...

Topic-                            Regional Grouping and agreement                                    Prelims                                                             GS2 mains 16th East Asia Summit The East Asia Summit is the premier leaders-led forum in the Indo-Pacific and was came in existence in 2005. Since its inception in 2005, it has played a significant role in strategic and geopolitical evolution of East Asia and once a year annul summit is being held. Member countries:  Apart from 10 ASEAN member states  East Asia includes India, China, Japan, Australia, New Zealand, the US , Republic of Korea and Russia. 10 ASEAN( Association of South East Asian Nation)...

  Topic-   Bilateral relationship of India  Mains GS-2  Russia is in 7 decades old ties with India, which is critical in the regional and global balance of power. India is also focusing on trade and investment opportunities in Russia's Far East  including in coal and diamonds and for meeting man power need. Two sides have increased the target for two way investments to $ 50 billion by 2025 as the earlier target of $ 30 billion had been achieved in 2018. Defense Cooperation: it is strengthened by co-development and co-production Defense agreements Brahmos aerospace is a joint venture of Indian and the Russian government for manufacturing Bramhos Missile S-400 Triumph Missile Systems: the delivery of the first squadron of air defense systems, which is part of a $ 5.4 billion contract with Russia for five squadron is expected to be completed soon. It is a potent system in terms of its operational capability provide continuous and effective air defence s...

Topic-  prelims  GS 2nd paper    international organizations and its mandates   ICC investigate and where warranted,  tries individual charged with gravest crimes of concern to the international community: Genocide, war crimes, crimes against humanity and aggregation. It headquarters is in the Hague, the Netherland   The ICC is the world's first permanent international criminal court, which was established by an international treaty call the Rome statute in 1998.  Mandates: The court is participating in a global fight to end impunity and through international criminal justice the courts aims to hold those responsible accountable for their crimes and to help prevent these crimes from happening again.  Sustainable Development Goals 16: peace, justice, and strong institution and building more peaceful and more justice world.  "Justice is a key prerequisite for lasting  peace"   It came in effect on 2002 and is supported by th...

Topic - science and technology and its use in daily life      GS-2 Paper           prelims  Karang Island Loktak Lake  It is an Island located  in the mid of the Loktak Lake of the Manipur State of India. It is in news because of two reason one is that it has been declared as Cashless Island and have been engaged in the Digital payment as there is no banking facility and has taken pledge to contribute in creating a cashless gram panchayat, and secondly, this island has got its vaccine delivered by the i-Drone. Challenges:  it is too small  hill regions lack of better transportation and slow delivery. time taking delivery about 3 hours journey by road, boat and foot while i-Drone only taken 30 minutes to deliver the medicine. i-Drone  Drone technology: India is the home of Geographical diversities and drones can be used to deliver essential to the last mile. In delivering important life saving medicines, collecting b...

 Topic - The Speaker and Deputy Speaker of the House of People ( Lok Sabha)      GS2 paper     Constitution Indian Parliament  Article 93  Issues : After two years of new House sitting Deputy Speaker is still not elected in the Lok Sabha since 2019 Lok Sabha election. Article 93 of the constitution mandates that the House shall elect a Speaker and Deputy Speaker after constitution of new House, or after a vacancy arises in either of these offices 'as soon as may be'. "As soon as may be" indicates that after the constitution of new  house, whenever the new house meets, both the Speaker and Deputy Speaker are required to be elected. The Speaker and Deputy Speaker of the Lok Sabha and the Deputy chairman of the Rajya Sabha are referred to as officers of Parliament in Indian constitution. They are elected by respective houses. Their duties have been defined in the Constitution: Deputy Speaker performs the Duties of Speaker when the Office  o...

Topic - Intellectual property rights       Prelims       GS2 paper  GI Tag India has been on GI granting spree since 2003 and has registered more than 380 items. More than half of them are food products of domestic consumption  GI  is a good start to build a narrative,  the idea that something is special because it comes from this region, with this kind of soil, climate, water, community and farming style.  GI tag is sign denoting a specific geographical origin and posses qualities or a reputation that are due to origin. It is a form of Intellectual property rights(IPR) is distinct from other forms of IPR as it ascribes the exclusivity to the community in a defined geography rather than to an Individual, as in the cases of trademark and patents. It can be issued for agricultural, natural, or manufactured goods that have a unique quality, reputation or other characteristics attributable to its geographical origin. GI refers to indic...

 Topic -                  e governance                             information sharing and transparency in government        functioning of judiciary     mains paper GS 2

Topics -    Panchayati raj and decentralised planning                                                              transparency and accountability e -governance-applications       mains paper -GS 2 it was launched on the Panchayati raj day 24 April 2020 by the Prime minister Sri Narendra Modi to make rural India digitised self reliant and smart village in the era of technology. e-Gram Swaraj Portal and App helps in to prepare and execute gram panchayat development plan  ensures real time monitoring and and accountability with transparency. it is a digitization of gram panchayat. it helps to spread transparency and held gram accountable plan and fund availability can be judged from the portal. it makes rural people empowered. progress of gram panchayat activities. links https://egramswaraj.gov.in/ eGr...

Topic - social security :      mains paper - GS 2    welfare schemes for vulnerable population of society              social sector services         human resources What  is e-shram? It is a portal launched by the ministry of labour and employment to make a national database about unorganised labour/workers in the country to facilitate better implementation of various social security schemes for the welfare of all unorganised workers of the country.  What is database? Data means set of information and base means here is foundation on which government policy decision rests. this data act as a base for decision making? Features of this portal: it provides  a digital/electronic " e-shram card " on registration with a unique " universal account number" (UAN) which will allow him/her to access the benefit of the various social security scheme through this card across the country and will aid the...

Topic       Mains paper GS-2         Issues related to poverty and hunger  "Nothing is more dreadfully painful than poverty "   sage poet Tiruvallur. "Poverty gives rise to sorrow and hunger is the worst of disease"  -  the Buddha    Sustainable Development Goals 1: no poverty  Sustainable Development Goals 2: zero hunger  Issues :  Malnutrition in India India ranks 94th among 107 countries on the global hunger index , which classifies the country having a serious level of hunger. Global hunger index is based on four component indicators: Undernourishment: the share of the population that is undernourished. Child wasting : the share of children under the age of five that are wasted means their weight is lower in comparison to their ages. Child stunting: the share of children under the age of five years who are stunted, means the child has lower height in comparison of age. Child mortality: the mort...