WATER POLLUTION

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Yamuna river pollution control measures 

Check Dams construction: To control the pollution of river Yamuna Delhi government has been decided to construct 20 strategic check dams to check the flow of drains to Yamuna.There are five major drains - at Najafgarh, shahdara, Barapullah, Delhi gate, and Mori gate that are carrying waste water to the Yamuna.

Purposes:
The idea behind installing these check dams or weirs, is to increase the travel time of drain water so as to allow solid pollutants, primarily sewage, to settle down before the water is released into the river.
Benefits: 
  • When wall is created, the solid pollutants settled down before the water over flows from the weirs. It means behind weirs water act as sedimentation tanks.
  • The time for microbial treatment or natural treatment process of drain water increased.
  • These weirs act as checkpoints, beyond which untreated waste water did not move forward.
  • The pollutants loads from drains into river drops about 70 to 80%. 
  • Low cost of dam construction.

Water treatment plants 

Delhi generates about 720 million gallons  of waste water per day, of which around 525 million gallons is treated by sewage treatment plants.
STP 


UN report on plastic wastes 

IUCN VISION: TO END MARINE PLASTIC POLLUTION BY 2030
  • 80% of the plastic that ends up in the oceans originate on land- with rivers thought to play a key role in carrying debris out to sea.
  • plastic particals have infiltrated even the most remote and seemingly- pristine regions of the planet, with tiny fragments discovered inside fish in the deepest recesses of the ocean and peppering Arctic sea ice. 
  • Endangered dolphins drowned by discarded fishing net, elephant and bird species are the most vulnerable to plastic pollution. 
Marine pollution caused by tarball .

Causes tarball pollution in Mumbai 
  • It is coming from the crude oil industry or from ship. 
  • The origin of this tarballs blobs of weathered petroleum mixed with debris and sand which have been showing up onshore between Gujarat and Karnataka for decades. 
  • Bunker oil and ballast water discharged into the open sea can also lead to the formation of tarballs, which can be as small as coins or as large as footballs.
Impacts: 
  • it has posed bad impact both marine life and general public. 
  • Oil, whether crude or processed, floats on the surface of water, and there is no doubt that animals living in the uppermost column of the ocean are coming into contact with this material. 
  • These tarballs are coming in monsoon season over beach because of ocean current a d onshore winds. 

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