Contemporary issues: floods

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 Floods 

Losses:

  • Rain related deaths 
  • Roads blocking due to landslides 
  • Washed away of town 
  • Damage of shunting line of railway station 
  • Roads damaging 
  • Damaged of bridges 
  • Collapse of building, institutions, polls etc.
Disasters management 
  1. Army and Indian Air force are assisting agencies  state disasters response force ( (SDRF) to  rescue the stranded people. Airforce has taken choppers to rescue the people. 
  2. Hospital treatment 

Keywords: 

Uttarakhand floods 

  • Flash flood means sudden flood, triggered by the cloud burst at Ramgarh in Uttarakhand Nainital district in October 2021. Kosi river over flowing and flood occurred in Ramgarh. Water from Nanital lake over flowed on to mall road and entered the Naina Devi temple, 

  • Incessant rain means continuous rainfall 
  • Cloud burst means extremely sever and sudden heavy localized rainfall leading   flash flooding, landslides, subsidence of lands;
  • Torrential rainfall leading to water logging logging 
  • Debris broken rock material with soils and water or without water.
  • Water level means height/depth of water in water bodies such river 
  • Landslides means slide down of Debris over its weak surface 
  • River Bank 
Floods affected regions of Uttarakhand state:
  • Nainital district 
    • Mukteshwar 
    • Ramgarh 
  • Pauri Gadwal district 
  • Uttarakashi district 
  • Pithoragarh mountain district 
    • Tanakpur 
    • Jauljibi
    • Munsiyari 
    • Tawaghat 
    • Dharma 
  • Champawat district 

What is LIDAR?

Light detection and ranging is a remote sensing instrument based on laser emitting pulses which is used to measure water depth in rivers and lakes. Central water commission has installed a LIDAR  sensor for  measurement of water flow, water level and downstream discharge In the Ganga 

GOLA RIVER : it is ordinated from the Lesser Himalayas village Paharpani and is about 50 km long, flows south Kathgodam, Haldwani finally joined to Ramganga river, a tributary of River Ganga, about 15km North East of Bareilly in Uttar Pradesh. The dam constructed on Gola river is Kathgodam. This is a rain fed river. 

KOSI RIVER : it is originated from Nainital district flows through Ramgarh finally joined the Ramganga river in Uttar Pradesh near south west of Rampur. 

  • Sunderdhunga Glacier: 
  • Dwali Glacier :
  • Kafni Glacier:
  • Lamkhaga pass( what is pass? pass is a gap or break, in high rugged terain such as mountain ridge. It is formed when  a Glacier or stream erode away the land between areas of high terain that provides easier routesto people to travel across mountain): 
    • Lamkhaga pass connects Kinnaur district of Himachal Pradesh with  Harsil in Uttarakashi district, 230 km from Dehradun.
    • This pass start from chitkul the last village of Kinnaur district of sangla valley. 
    • This pass is located near the Indio Tibetan border, and to cross the pass one needs to obtain inner line permit from the district administration of Himachal Pradesh. 
    • Kinnaur district: 
      • Its head quarter is in Recklong Peo.
      • it is separated in 3 parts Puh ,kalpa and Nichar.
      • Sutlej river origininated from the lake Rakas in Tibet, west to Lake Mansarowar lake, entered into the Kinnaur district through the Shipki LA pass that joined to the lake Govind Sagar going further it obtained water from the river Beas as tributary origininated in Himachal Pradesh and finally tribute to the river chenab( origininated in the kyelang district of Himachal pradesh) which tribute itself to the river Indus( origininated in Tibet)
      • Exist in Himalayan 
      • Temperate Climate trees: oak, chestnut,  maple, birch, apple, alder, magnolia, apricot in lower Himalayan regions 
      • In upper Himalayan regions, space vegetation, primarily hardy grasses, alpine species, Juniper, Pine,  Fire, Cypress, Rhododendron are found.
      • Animal: himachal pradesh black bear.
      • Yaks are reared by locals. 

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