High ash coal gasification technology for methanol production

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Topic-  Indigenous  new technology       energy    achievement in S& T

mains GS-3 paper     energy resource             geography of India

environmental pollution 


 Methanol production in India

This technology is developed by Bharat Heavy Electrical Limited and is India`s first Indigenous technology under the India`s coal gasification technology as clean technology under self reliance India mission. The first pilot plant is installed in Hyderabad.

Capacity: 

This technology create 0.25 ton per day methanol from high ash Indian coal using 1.2 ton per day fluidized bed gasifier. Methanol purity from crude methanol is between 98% to 99%.

Challenges before India regarding methanol production:

  1. India has abundant amount of high ash coal reserves but have no technology for production of methanol from it.
  2. Worldwide majorly methanol production is derived from natural gas, which is relatively easy process. Since, India does not have much of the natural gas reserves, producing methanol from imported natural gas lead to outflow of foreign exchange and sometime uneconomical due to excessive prices of natural gas.
  3. India does not have much natural gas reserves.
  4. Loss of foreign exchange reserves.
Where are uses of methanol?
  1. Methanol is used as motor fuel to power ship engines.
  2. To generate clean power all over the world.
  3. Methanol is also used to generate dimethyl ether (DME), a liquid fuel that is very similar to need to be minimally changed to used DME instead of diesel.
Process of methanol production: The broad process of converting coal into the methanol consists of:
  • conversion  of coal into syngas ( synthesis gas)
  • syngas cleaning and conditioning 
  • syngas to methanol conversion
  • methanol purification with capacity of 99% purity.
Benefits : This fluidised bed gasification technology will help the country move towards the adoption of technology and promote the uses of methanol as a transportation fuel (blending with petrol) thus reducing crude oil imports. 



sources: 

https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=1755768

https://pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=1753524

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