Mercury Planet

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Topic -space mission  and space technology 

paper prelims

 

Mercury Planet

The nearest planet to the Sun is Mercury at distance of 57.9 million Km with a diameter of 4,879 Km and Density 5,427 kg/ m3.

source:NASA



Features :

  • It is elliptical- egg shaped planet
  • It has solid surface
  • The Sun from the surface of Mercury appears 3 times larger and 7 times brighter as compare  to the Earth. 
  • Despite near to the sun it is not the hottest planet in our solar system 
  • It has no ring like saturn
  • It has thin but  dense atmosphere 
  • It is an inner planet- that exists between the sun and Jupiter and is solid in nature  and those that exists after Jupiter is gaseous in nature .
  • It has no moon
  • It is a rocky planet orbiting the sun in 88 days.
  • It takes 59 days for its full rotation. 
  • It have a magnetic field generated by a liquid core.
  • Mercury is a planet of extremes, because its temperature varies at large between hot days of about 430 degrees Celsius to Super- frosty nights of minus 180 degrees Celsius. Those days and nights lasted nearly three earth months each.
  • There evidence of ice has been detected.
  • Mercury northern hemisphere include large crater and area flooded by lava billion years ago

What is BepiColombo mercury mission?

It is a space mission launched by the Europe and Japan together  to study all aspects of this mysterious inner planet from its core to the surface processes, magnetic fields and exosphere, "to better understand the origin and evolution of a planet close to its parent star- the sun".

Note: The gravity exerted by the Earth( the third planet from  the sun)  and Venus  the second from the sun)- known as gravitational assist allows it to slow down naturally its journey. It could not be sent directly as sun`s pull is so strong.

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