Bombay Social Reformers

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Topic        Social reformers of India 

Issues related to women during colonial period 

Prelims           GS1 mains     GS4 mains 



  1. Bal Shastri Jambedkar: he was the first social reformer in Bombay, Maharastra. He was was against the brahmanical arthodoxy and tried to reform the Hinduism. 
    • He had started in 1832, a weekly " The Darpan " magazine. 
  2. In 1948, many educated young students formed literary and scientific society with two branches, one was  Gujarati and other was Mahathi Dyan Prakashak Mandali;  the aim of the society was to start schools for women's education and organised lectures on science and social questions 
  3. In 1949, the "Paramhansa Mandali" was founded in Maharastra. 
    • It's founder had believed in single God ( monotheism)
    • Mandali was against the caste rules of Hinduism and tried  to break the caste rule 
    • They never discriminated the lower caste and given equal respect 
    • They were supporter and believed in women's education 
    • They also promote widow remarriage. 
    • The branches of Mandali were established in Satara Poona and other parts of Maharastra. 
  4. Vishnu Shastri Pandit: he started Widow remarriage association in 1850. 
  5. Jyotiba Phule in 1851: he was born in Mali family   so that his Phule denoting flower. He was against caste rules and social division based on caste and was against the brahmanical supremacy  and upper caste domination 
    • He was supporter of women's education and started with his wife girl's school at Poona after that many school came up.
    • He was also pioneer of widow remarriage movement in Maharastra 
  6. In 1952: To advocate widow remarriage "Satya Prakash" was started in Gujarati by Karsondas Mulji 
  7. Lokahitwadi: Gopal Hari Deshmukh who became famous by the pen name of Lokahitwadi, was an outstanding champion of new learning and social reform in Maharastra. 
    • He advocated the reorganization of Indian society on rational principles and modern Humanistic and secular values.
  8. Dadabhai Naoroji: was a leading social reformer of Bombay. He was one of the founders of an association to reform the Zoroastrian religion and Parsi law Association which agitated for the grant of legal status to women and for Uniform laws of inheritance and marriage for Parsis.

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