Municipal solid wastes

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Municipal Solid Waste (MSW)

Municipal solid waste is classified in various way in different jurisdictions but typically refers to the mixed waste stream produced from households, businesses,  and schools. It contains paper, plastic,  metal,  glass, clothing,  furniture, end of life electrical appliances and food waste.

landfilling: Best practice is to reduce,  reuse, Compost and recycle this waste,  ensuring that as much waste as possible is diverted from landfill sites. When  an unmanaged. Landfill sites are a source of environmental pollution and human health risks. It is an un economic use of land in urban areas,  and can generate strong protest from people living in close proximity because of environment human health and social concerns.

Incineration:  Incineration is considered a form of recovery called waste to energy when it used to generate energy. Controlled burning of municipal solid waste converts waste into heat, ash, and flue gas.

 The heat is used to generate steam for electricity production, as a process steam in nearby industrial zone, or in some cases to provide district heating services.

The ash by product is either collected in the flue(fly ash) or at the bottom of the furnace ( bottom ash).

Flyash is composed of fine particles captured by filtration technologies before flue gas exits incinerator chimney.

Bottom ash is the coarse residue left on the grate of the waste incinerator in a mix of ash, ceramic,  slags, glassy materials, ferrous metals- that do not burn thoroughly in the combustion process.

Bottom ash and fly ash can contain metals and dioxins that can cause environmental and human health risks, if disposed off improperly. Some options for good disposal include bottom ash as an aggregate for road base, asphalt,  and in  cement for construction. Flyash and hybrid mixture of bottom and flyash can be used in producing glass,  ceramic, and as an additive in mortar.

It's the scale of the waste to energy market that makes these wastes by-products interesting as a manufactured aggregates alternative to sand and gravel use. 

solid waste management rule 2016. 

issue : Garbage is being dumped at unspecified place by agricultural mundis.

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