Afforestation and Deforestation

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Topic - deforestations  environmental awareness  climate change   global warming   environmental pollution 

paper GS3 mains

Forest conservation measures 


Afforestation: it means plantation of tree at large scale at a small or large area like green sohara afforestation campaign.

Green Sohra Afforestation campaign in cherrapunji  Meghalaya launched for the Plantation for multilevel Plantation by the home Minister amit shah 25 July 2021.

Long medium small, medical importance with a Slogan "evergreen northeast".

Aims :

  • To cease climate change and global warming. 
  • For  border security purposes. 
  • To reduce carbon emissions.
  • To sink carbon.
  • Fight against global warming. 
  • To boost eco-tourism.
  • To meet Paris agreement. 
  • To fill the gap created by Deforestation such for the fuel and agricultural purposes. 
Save forest Save life campaign: Almora district's women have pledged not to cut broad leaves trees and its branches for the purposes of fuel, which is very beneficial for environment and rainfall. It is a forest conservation measure to check the deterioration of forest and to protect it.

Importance of forests: there are multiple benefits of forest cover, in a study conducted by the Indian Institute of Remote Sensing (IIRS), an organization of ISRO, in Dehradun Uttarakhand, said that forest are working as 'carbon sink' in Himalayas by absorbing carbon emissions in the atmosphere. carbon emission is the main factor responsible for the climate change and global warning.

What is carbon sink?

carbon sink is a system that capture carbon dioxide from atmosphere and reduce the concentration of CO2 in the air. It may be natural carbon sink or artificial carbon sink.
Natural carbon sinks are: 
  1. forests
  2. oceans
  3. soil mass
  4. under ground strata
Artificial carbon sinks are those chemicals that absorbs CO2 in reactions.

Deforestation : It is an action or process in which trees or forest covers are cutting down by human interventions for various purposes like for extension of agricultural fields; laying down of infrastructure such as roads, highways, railways, flyovers, electricity lines, ports, airports, military base, check posts; mineral extraction; getting wood for fuel, house construction, furniture and other purposes.

Deforestation Issues: 
  1. In Corbett National park: illegal construction of roads, buildings, and falling of thousands tree are violations of Indian Forest Act 1927, Wildlife (protection) act 1971 and Forest conservation act 1980 in the name of Pakhrau Tiger Safari and water bodies which is one of the best and the oldest national park in the country. 


Demerits of deforestation: demerits are just opposite to the merits of afforestation.
these are given below:
  •  Forest as source of carbon emission : forest are working as carbon sinks and absorbs a lots amount of carbon dioxide from atmosphere if that not managed properly and cutting down then they will not capture further CO2 from atmosphere and the amount absorbed previously will be released into the atmosphere it means that forest itself  will become source of carbon emissions  and resulted in increase of CO2 concentration in the air causing climate crisis and global warming.


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