BHARAT NET PROTECT

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Topic: 

upsc GS 2nd paper - government policies and interventions for development in various sectors and issues arising out of their design and implementation.

Upsc GS-3 paper  - Growth, employment, development, e-technology in the aid of farmers,  digital infrastructure, rural development, science and technology in every day life.

Bharat Net: Bharat Net project is a flagship scheme of the government of India, fully funded by Universal service Obligation Fund (USOF), for provision of broadband access to the citizens in rural and remote areas thereby bridging digital devide. Bharat Net being implemented by the "Bharat broadband network limited" (BBNL) which is incorporated as a special purpose vehicle (SPV).

Purposes of Bharat Net 

  • The scheme envisages connecting all Gram panchayat with the block headquarters as an aggregation layers through a mix of media- optical fiber cable (underground and aerial), and satellite, in remote and hilly locations. 
  • Wi-Fi access through Common service centres (CSCs).
  • To provide affordable broadband services 
  • To connect the all the 2,50,000( 2.5 lakh) Gram Panchayat in the country and provide 100 mbps connectivity to all Gram Panchayat through under ground optical fiber cable.
  • Non discriminatory access  to national optical fiber network( NOFN) was provided to all the service providers like telecom service providers (TSPs), internet service providers (ISPs), private service providers (PSPs), cable T.V. operators and content providers and various services to rural areas.
  • To facilitate remote areas, institutions,  e-governance, e-health, telimedicine, e-agricultur, e-banking, livelihood, other service to citizens on Non discriminatory basis.
  • Access to online services 
Universal service obligation fund:  it is an attached office of department of telecommunications, Ministry of communication  with responsibility and mandate.
Responsibility: to execute important telecom projects such as Bharat Net, LWE, Mobile connectivity in North East Region (NER), uncovered villages of India and submarine optical fiber cable (OFC) connection to Andaman and Nicobar Island and Lakshadweep Island etc.
Mandate:  to ensure reliable Universal and affordable telecom services to the citizens of the country or rural and remote areas.

Eligibility: The following are Eligible for pilot project for utilization of Bharat Net:
  • State government departments or state government, PSUs in field of telecom and IT. 
  • Public sector enterprises of central government onthe field of telecom or IT 
  • Start-ups, MSMEs, private sector  through CPSUs.
  • Academic institution such as IITs, IISCs, IIITs, NITs. 

Bharat Net project phase 1

Aim : The target of completing 1,00,000( one lakh) Gram Panchayat to provide broadband connection was completed by 2017.

Bharat Net project phase 2

Aim:  It was planned to provide  remaining connections to 1.5 lakh Gram Panchayat by 31 march 2019 and has been achieved. It was implemented by 3 models 

  1. State led model
  2. CPSU models 
  3. Private sector models 
Bharat Net project phase 3
Aim: It was launched in June 2021.
  • To implement bharat net through PPP model in 16 states:
    1. Uttar Pradesh
    2. Madhya Pradesh 
    3. Himachal Pradesh 
    4. Rajasthan 
    5. Punjab 
    6. Haryana 
    7. West Bengal 
    8. Karnataka 
    9. Kerala 
    10. Meghalaya 
    11. Tripura
    12. Manipur 
    13. Nagaland 
    14. Mizoram 
    15. Assam 
    16. Arunachal Pradesh 
  • To provide access to affordable internet  connectivity services to 3,61,000 (3.61 lakh)  villages in these 16 states through optical fiber cable under bharat net.
  • Giving "WiFi access points(APs)" including 3APs on an average for public institutions such as educational centres, health centres, post offices, police stations etc.
  • To extend bharat net connection to cover all remaining states/  Union territories  in the country. The department of telecommunications will separately workout the modalities for these remaining states.
  • It is a revise strategy that includes:
    • Creation 
    • Operation 
    • Maintenance
    • Upgradation
    • Utilization  of bharat net.
  • For this a viability gap funding support upto Rs. 19, 041 crores have been allocated for implementation of Bharat net in these 16 states under PPP model for village broadband connectivity. 

Advantages of public private partnership(PPP) model:

  • PPP model will leverage private sector efficiency for operation, maintenance,  utilization and revenue generation and is expected to result in faster role out of bharat net.
  • Use of innovative technology by the private sector providers for the consumer 
  • High quality of services and service level to consumers 
  • Faster deployment of network and quick connectivity to consumers.
  • Competitive tariffs for services 
  • Variety of services on high speed including over the top and multimedia services.
  • To use dark fiber ( unused fibers) of PSUs BSNL, Railtel, and power grid. 
  • Fiberization of mobile tower 
Benefits of Bharat Net project: Bharat net project provides wings to digital initiative of India and given various benefits to users: 
  • Installation of common service centres 
  • Through PM wani accelerate proliferation of broadband internet services through public Wi-Fi network in the country.
  • Employment generated 
  • Electronic services provided in various fields of economy 
  • Affordable access to internet 
  • Rural Development through digital uplift 
  • Access to information 
  • Ease of living standards 
  •  It enabled e-Health, e- education, telimedicine,  e-commerce, 
  • Extension of over the top services like web series.
  •  Enabled Mobile hand set access to villagers 
  • Bharat Net is being utilized by BSNL, CSCs, at Gram Panchayat levels to deliver services.



Reference -

http://www.usof.gov.in/usof-cms/home.jsp

https://vikaspedia.in/e-governance/digital-india/national-optical-fibre-network-nofn

https://pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=1731456    bharat net

https://pib.gov.in/PressReleseDetail.aspx?PRID=1549691.  bharat net


https://pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=1515906.  Bharat net 



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