India's trade in pre-colonial era

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 India's import from 

Persian Gulf: pearls, raw silk, wool, dates, dried fruits, and rose water 

Arabia: coffee, gold, drugs  honey.

China: tea, sugar, porcelain, silk 

Tibet: Musk, gold and woollen clothes 

Singapore: tin 

Indonesia: spices, perfumes, arrack, sugar

Africa: ivory and drugs 

Europe: woollen cloth, metal such as iron and lead and paper.

India's export 

Most important cotton textiles were famous all over world for their excellence.

Raw silk, silk fabrics, hardware, indigo, saltpetre, opium, rice, wheat, sugar, pepper and spices, precious stones and drugs. India was a large scale manufacturer of cotton and silk fabrics, sugar, jute, dry-stuffs, mineral and metallic products like arms, metalware and saltpetre and oils. 

The important centres of textile industry were in

Bengal: Dacca and Murshidabad;

Bihar: Patna;

Gujarat: Surat  ,Ahmedabad, And Broach;

Madhya Pradesh: Chanderi;

Maharashtra: Burhanpur;

Uttar Pradesh: Jaunpur, Varanasi, Agra, Lucknow;

Punjab: Multan and Lahore;

Andhra Pradesh: Masulipatnam, Aurangabad, Chicacole, Visakhapatnam;

Karnataka: Bangalore;

Tamilnadu: Coimbatore and Madurai;

Note-

Kashmir: was famous for woollen manufacturing ;

Maharashtra, Andra Pradesh and Bengal were famous for ship building industry. 

India was a main centers of world trade and industry in 18th century. 

In this respect Peter the great of Russia exclaim: " Bear in mind that the commerce of India is the commerce of the world and ... he who can exclusively command it is the dictator of Europe "








Trade balance:

 India was sent sufficient in agricultural and handicrafts products and did not import foreign goods on  large scale. India exported more than imported and its trade was balanced by import of silver and gold. For this, India was known as a sink of precious metals. 























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