Subhash Chandra Bose
Topic - Subash Chandra Bose freedom fighter
Indian freedom movement
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| Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose Indian Civil Service officer (I.C.S ) |
He was born at 24 Pargana district in West Bengal on 23 January, 1869, and his father name was Sri Janaki Nath who liked the English education so he admitted to all his sons in European School and then send to Europe for higher education.
Subhash passed his metric and intermediate exam at Katak in Odisha and then got admitted in the Presidency college for B.A. in Calcutta and in 1918 after clearing his B.A., he was enrolled in For M.A in Scottish church college.
Once, in the search of spiritual teacher leaved his house without informing any one and went to Haridwar, Vrindavan, Kashi and Buddha Gaya and then return.
His friends, whenever calling him Sanyasi he was feeling great happiness.
His parents wanted to see him as an ICS officer so they decided to send him foreign, but he was not ready for this and after request of parents he had gone there to study in Cambridge University and clear the Indian Civil service exam that days when it was most prestigious for everyone like rising Star in the sky and became topper in May,1921. That time, in India Mahatma Gandhi appealed to all to leave the job for British government under his Non- cooperative movement and When Subhash listen about not to support the British he also quit the ICS service and became an active freedom fighter. Leader Chitarjan Das of Bengal appointed the Subhash as President of newly established national college and given him to run his daily newspaper. Subhash was encouraged by the Sacrifice of Deshnbandu Das and came with his full enthusiasm in field of freedom struggle.
In 1923, in Gaya conference of Congress both Deshbandhu Das and Pandit Moti Lal Nehru Formed "Swaraj party". In that Congress session there was no consensus on council entry. At that time Subhash was Busy in two daily newspapers printing one was ," Forward" and the second was "Banglar Katha".
Indian Maglish was an institute of Indian community where once a week a conference was held and first time he listened the Sarojani Naidu, she was addressing the conference the subject of "Reign of Youth".
Subhash formed an "Youth group " and participated in Calcutta corporations and the executive of the Corporations was appointed to him with the 3000 per month but he only taken 1,500 per months.
Subhash was very brilliant, courageous, fearless and never feared to contempt the British. He was not only interested in struggle but also in spiritual study. He considered Vivekananda for his ideal and said " ideals of Vivekananda is my ideals also "
Jail
Subhash was running and helping in secret to produce bomb and Guns and for this British send him in Calcutta jail and after few days referred to the Mandale Jail Berma where 16 years ago both Lala Lajpat Roy and Lok Manya Tilak were held as prisoners. Where he found the sad news about the death of Deshnbandu Das who encouraged him to became a leader to participate in freedom struggle and he felt he had become arm less. In a monthly magazine Vasumati he read an article Smriti Katha about Deshnbandu in Mandle jail and written a thanks letter to famous novel writer of Bengal Sri Shaatatchandra Chattopadhyay.
Jai release and again jail
Subhash fall ill badly in Mandle Jail and got release from jail because the environment of Berma was not better for him and jail conditions were worst. In 1929, in Calcutta congress, he became the commander of Self help group that time he had worn his police dress and where he and Jawahar Lal Nehru tried to announce a resolution for full freedom but was not accepted by the Gandhi ji and Moti Lal Nehru ji and given one year time to government. In the same year in the jail of Lahore Sri Yatindra Nath left his body on 63 Days of Fast and in Calcutta on his death body campaign Subhash given an excellent speech due to which he was arrested for nest 6 months. Where his health was decreasing and public become anger and government decided to send him for medical treatment and send first to Lucknow and then Muwali. When not became fit then government released him with the conditions to go to foreign for treatment and accepted the proposal and went with a special flight to Switzerland where he not stopped to lend his national service. In 1934 Mahatma Gandhi dropped his Satyagraha Andolan. When returned after two from there after his father death he held arrested on his accepted proposal and kept in prison for next One and a half year.
In 1938, he became the president of Haripura .
Next year in 1939, he again chooses as a president of Congress session in Tripura. When world War 2 started he left the congress under the opposition of Gandhi ji and formed the "Forward bloc" with his left wing followers and began a new chapter for freedom movement.
note - he twice became the president of Indian national congress in 1938 and 1939.
AGAIN Jail
In 1940, at Ramgarh Congress session, Subhash organised a "conference against consensus" and speech given. And stand against the black hall building and organised a campaign for this he was again jailed.
GREAT ESCAPE BEGAN
Subhash was under house arrest in Calcutta during the second world War but slipped from under the British watch by changing his look when in 1941 on 25 January he had to appear In court for sedition. From there a journey started called great escape began, in the same look he went to Peshawar from Calcutta, from Peshawar to Moscow and from Moscow to Berlin Jermany and met with England's enemy Hitler, about 7,275 km travelled by car through land route.
The fire and flame of patriotism was lit, and the desire to achieve Swaraj made him reach Berlin from where he made a submarine journey of 27000 km to Indonesia, from Indonesia to Japan and then to Singapore. That time Japan had captured Berma from the British possession and Subhash went there and Formed a " Indian national Army "Ajaad Hind Fauj" of all prisoners and Indian community in Berma ( Myanmar) and also establish an Ajaad Hind Government to achieve independence. In Imphal, fighting happened he fight courageously and In 1945, when Japan surrender after defeat Subhash broken the Ajaad Hind Fauj. On a a journey of Japan because of falling of flight he was no more, it was recognized by the government of Japan.
Honour of Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose
- Prime Minister Sri Narendra Modi announced 23 January the birthday of Subhash Chandra Bose as " Parakram Divas "
- Ajaad Hind Fauj Bridge: Prime Minister has named a bridge on the name of Army founded by Subhash Chandra Bose for his travel 35,000 km to honour the courage and valour of him on 16 October 2021.
- At Ross Island (Subhash Chandra Bose Island) he had formed independence India and started radio stations by the help of Indian national Army and hoisted Indian tricolour there. He tried to achieve freedom through such a big freedom struggle against the British, under whose rules the sun never set. In 1943, Netaji had rid this part of India from clutches of the British for two years, it was here that the Netaji hoisted the tricolour for the first time. On the occasion of 75th anniversary of tricolour hoisting by Subhash Chandra Bose in Andaman, the Prime Minister Sri Narendra Modi renamed the Ross Island in the honour of Subhash Chandra Bose as " Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose Island" in December 2018. Ross Island, is one of the islands in the archipelago of Andaman and Nicobar. Now Ross Island will be known as "Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose Dweep"
On the same occasion he announced that Neil Island will be known as Shaheed Island and Havelock Island as Swaraj Island. Swaraj Island is greater in size than Shaheed Island and is situated above it and fall in the South Andaman area.
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| Old name 1: Havelock Island and Neil Island |
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| New name : Swaraj Island and Shaheed Island |
PILGRIMAGE PLACE OF INDEPENDENCE
Cellular jail ( Kalapani) : Is a colonial jail in Andaman used to exile political prisoners by the British, where a martyre's column is, which has a great importance of this colonial structure in the Indian history. This cellular jail has become a place of pilgrimage ( Mahatirth) where Savarkar experienced inhuman torture for 10 years but did not lose his courage, his bravery. Once the young generation sees the cellular jail (Kalapani), they will come to know what cost has been paid for a free India.
Malaysia: at Selangor Padang ( independence Square) Netaji through a public address inspired thousands of youth to participate in Indian independence in September 1943.
Singapore: On 21 October 1943, Neta ji had announced the formation of "Azad Hind Government" which started functioning from Singapore with 11 ministers and 8 representatives from Indian National Army (INA).
Moirang (Manipur):At Moirang in Manipur Subhash Chandra Bose first time Hoisted the Indian Tricolour on the soil of India on 14th April 1944.
Nagaland: Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose had stayed in the village Ruzazho in 1940s. and every year on 21 October is being celebrated as the anniversary of formation of " Azad Hind Government "
Note -
- The Indian struggle: it is an autobiography written by Subhash Chandra Bose.
- Tasher Desh was written by the Tagore and dedicated to the Netaji.
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Source
https://pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=1765729
https://pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=1764396
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