IASmanti⁵⁰

Topic.          Constitution of India      History of India           Prelims              Samvidhan Diwas (26th November) The constitution assembly was setup in 1994 for drafting the constitution of India. The drafted constitution was adopted on 26th November 1949 by the constituent assembly. In 2015, on the occasion of 125th birth anniversary of B.R. Ambedkar, chairman of the drafting committee of constitution, the union government declared November 26th as Samvidhan Diwas or constitution day.  Constitution of India is a sacred document and everyone should be fully committed to its ideals  It imposes sacred duty upon all the organs of the state to be sensitive to the hopes and aspirations of the citizens. India is a federal democracy. It has 3 organs- the judiciary, legislature and executive. It establish social, economic democracy and political democracy. India is a parl...

 Topic.      Human resources                    Prelims               GS2 mains Vision : to cultivate one million children in India as neoteric  innovators.  It is India's a flagship scheme initiative of the  NITI Aayog. It is a workspace where young minds give shape to their ideas and learn skills through hands-on do-it yourself mode. Young children get chance to work with tools and equipment to understand the concept of STEM ( Science, Technology, Engineering and Math). Aim : To foster curiosity, imagination and creativity in young minds simultaneously culcating skills such as design mind set,computational thinking, adoptive learning, physical computing etc.

Topics -     Modern  Indian history     religious movement     mains paper GS 1 Paramhans Mandali In Maharastra, in 1940, religious reform was begun by this mandali which aim was to fight against caste system and  idolatry.  Lokhit Wadi- In this respect Lokhit wadi was written by the Gopal Hari  Deshmukh in Marathi language to p attack on Hindu orthodoxy, and preached religious and social equality.    Prarthana Samaj The powerful leaders of this movement was R.G.Bhandarkar and Mahadev Govind Ranade.  It was influenced by Brahmo Samaj.  It preached worship of one God.  It wanted to free religion from caste orthodoxy and priestly dominant.  Read More》》 Brahmo Samaj 

   Information Technology           (intermediary guidelines and  digital media ethics code) Rules,2021 Issues:  media is gradually losing its credibility and integrity where values and morality are being compromised. Violation of code of ethics by the media in form of paid news, fake news, TRP manipulation, media trials, sensationalism, and biased reporting. Healthy democracy thrives on participation of public, which is only possible through circulation of accurate information by responsible media.  Fake news by media like digital media, television, newspapers, cinema, OTT  etc.  Anti-national attitude Rules for digital media companies: like WhatsApp  Instagram  Facebook  Twitter Amazon prime Flipkart  Youtube  Pinterest  Telegram etc.  Warning for users: like Facebook users WhatsApp users Twitter users  Instagram users Amazon prime users etc.  Purposes:   To protect ...

Poona Sarvajanik Sabha  It was organized by Justice Ranade and others in 1870 in Poona ( Maharastra).  Indian Association Of Calcutta   It was founded by Surendranath Banerjea and Anand Mohan Bose in July 1876 in Calcutta, West Bengal. Many branches of it were opened in villages and many other towns outside Bengal. Low membership fee was to attract poorer classes.  Surendra nath Banerjea was India's first Indian Civil service officer who became political leader. Madras Mahajan Sabha It was organized in 1884, in Madras ( now Chennai) Tamilnadu by M. Viraraghavachari, G Subramanyam Iyer, Ananda Charlu and others.  Bombay Presidency Sabha This Sabha was organised in 1885,  Bombay ( now Mumbai,Maharastra)  Pherozashah Mehta, K.T. Telang, Badruddin Tyabji and others.

Topic      pharmaceutical sector industry    prelims                 GS2 mains What is National Digital Drug Database? It is a comprehensive, online, centralised drug databank consolidating real time data,on active pharmaceutical manufacturing companies in country, therapeutic class wise/ formulation wise approved branded/ unbranded products along with their manufacturing and marketing entities, may be created and maintained and made accessible to regulators, industry, physicians and consumers. Benefits:  It will address information asymmetry It will provide important inputs in mapping the regulatory needs in different states Information gaps on grants of licences, inspection and prosecution for non compliance, among others, could be bridged through real time data, that could be published on a central online portal. Issues : CCI conducted study on pharmaceutical sector: study found that in market brand competition ov...

Topic     water pollution          contemporary issues related to ecology  prelims            G3 mains  Water Pollution  Currently  India faces both water quality and water availability challenges   surface and groundwater pollution are rampant in the country.  GROUND WATER POLUTION  Ground water is the main source of drinking water. Therefore, any contamination of ground water is a major concern for health security.  There are two major source of ground water contamination/ Pollution. Geogenic source : this is natural occurrence of under ground rock formation which is responsible for Iron,  Arsenic and Fluoride contamination in ground water. When the contamination crosses the permissible limit of these contents becomes hazardous for health.  Permissible limit of :   Arsenic: 0.01 mg per litre  Fluoride: 1.5 mg per litre  Fluoride affected stat...

Topic -       achievements of Indian scientists and their use in daily lives   Science and technology  Prelims         mains GS2 paper   6Bio  It is a drug compound ( 6- BromoIndirubin - 3-Oxime) developed by the Indian scientists to treat the Autism spectrum disorder (ASD)/ intellectual disorder (ID). Symptoms of intellectual disorder  Short term memory loss  Sleep issues  Difficulty in doing daily activities  Leaning issues  This has been proved to restore memory, learning and neuronal functions.  Source  https://pib.gov.in/PressReleaseIframePage.aspx?PRID=1772641

Topic  :          constitution of India   Part 1V of constitution of India mandates to central government under "Directive Principles of State policy "  Article 44  Mandates that " State shall endeavour to secure for the citizens a uniform civil code throughout the territory of India "  Issues  Interfaith marriage : Allahabad High Court directed the marriage registrar/ officer to register the marriage without awaiting/ insisting approval of district authority. And also directed the central government to consider the constitution of a committee/ commission for implementing mandates of Article 44. The court said, marriage officers cannot refuse to register a duly solemnized marriage.  And, or insist on a conversation of district authority.  Read more 》》 Article 21 Article 93

  Topic.        Indian policy       Prelims  Question hours   It is question hours about one and half hour period during which member of house asks questions pertaining to administration and government activities and concern minister answer those questions. Answer can be given in two ways that are oral answer and written answer.  There is four types of question  Starred question ( green colour) Unstarred question ( white colour) Short notice question ( light pink) Question addressed to private members ( yellow) Starred question It is one to which a member desires an oral answer in the house and which distinguished by an asterisk mark. When a question is answered orally, supplementary question can be asked thereon. Only 20 question can be listed for oral answer on a day.  Unstarred question   It is that which is not called for an oral answer in house and on which no supplementary question can consequently be asked...

Topic       prelims  THE INDIAN ANTARCHTIC PROGRAMME It is a programme of scientific research about Antarctic continent. It was began in 1981 and has completed 40 scientific expedition at Antarctic white continent. India has built 3 permanent base station in Antarctica. And Today Maitri and Bharati are fully operated. Dakshin Gangotri  ( 1983) Maitri ( 1988) Bharati ( 2012) National Centre For Polar and Ocean research ( NCPOR), Goa is an autonomous institute under the ministry of earth and science which manage the entire Indian Antarctic Programme. 41st scientific expedition: India has successfully launched 41st scientific expedition to Antarctic with 23 scientists and support staffs which has two major programme : Geological Exploration: of the Amery ice shelf at Bharati station. It will help explore the link between India and Antarctic in the past. Reconnaissance survey and predatory works: for drilling of 500metre of ice core near the Maitri station. It ...

  Topic.   Indian Economy  Inclusive Growth         investment models                       Gs-3             Gs2 paper  It was launched by the Prime Minister Sri Narendra Modi on 11th November 2021 to give an online plateform to consumers for filing complaint regarding deficiency in services rendered by the entity regulated by the RBI free of cost. It is an integrated improved grievance redressal mechanism. It has subsumed all existing redressal mechanism to make a single redressal mechanism all over  India as "one nation one ombudsman system". Integrated ombudsman scheme seeks to merge all other ombudsman schemes making it a one nation one ombudsman system for the entire financial sector  The banking ombudsman scheme 2006, the ombudsman scheme for non banking financial companies 2018, and the ombudsman scheme for the digital transect...

Topic.   Indian Economy  Inclusive Growth.       investment models                       Gs-3 paper            Gs2 paper  The scheme allows retail investors/individuals to invest in government securities/ bonds of Rs 74 lakh crores directly through bank account With RBI. It was launched by the Prime Minister Sri Narendra Modi on 11th November 2021. Vision - Financial inclusion for inclusive growth  Aim :  To bring middle class employees, senior citizens, small businesses men and othe common man to invest in government securities directly and securely by easing/ simplifying reach to government bonds.  Promotion of foreign and domestic investments  Salient features   Retail participants can open bank accounts( retail direct  gilt account ) with RBI free of cost through on line link https://rbiretaildirect.org.in/   Retail part...

  Topic  -    regional security challenges        border security challenges and its management               Terrorism by state actors  Afghanistan and India bilateral and multilateral relationships  Issues  : border security challenges  Taliban seized the power of Afghanistan There's a humanitarian crisis due to hunger and famine Deterioting security situation  There are five major threats and challenges according to India  Terrorism within Afghanistan and across its borders  Radicalisation Extremism  Cross border movement  Drug production and trafficking  Measures taken by India :  Delhi Regional security dialogue on Afghanistan : in this dialogue Russia, Iran and all the central Asian nations are participating. India playing a leadership role to sustain Regional cooperation as India is engaged since 2001 with Afghanistan through ties.  Russia remains...

Topic          Cotton Industry                          Food processing and related  Industries in India    Prelims          GS 3 mains       Geography of India              Significance:  Cotton is one of the most important cash crops and play a major role in sustaining livelihood of around 58 lakh cotton farmers and 400 to 500 lakh people engaged in related activities such as cotton processing and trade. Government of India appoints Cotton Corporation of India as central nodal agency and is mandated to undertake MSP in cotton. MSP for cotton is Rs. 6025 per quintal. 15.000 Cotton Corporation of India (CCI)  procures cotton from farmers at fixed MSP and protect them from distress selling below MSP. MSP ensures farmer cotton selling security and keep them produce Cotton. CCI keeps its infrastr...

Topic                                      Prelims                                          Freedom fighters and their contribution    Janjatiya Gaurava Diwas (Tribal Pride Day) Government of India has been decided to celebrate 15 November, the birth anniversary of freedom fighter Sri Bhagwan Birsa Munda of Freedom struggle, every year as  Janjatiya Gaurav Day to honour the contribution of the tribal community to the nation.  It was decided by the government  of India on 10th November, 2021. Birthday: 15 November 1875 Death: 9 June 1900. The day, 15 November, is the birth anniversary of Sri Birsa Munda, who is referred as "Bhagwan" by tribal communities across country.  It was launched in the year of 146 birth anniversary of Birsa Munda.  Birsa Munda fough...

Topic                    MPLADS                    GS 4 mains        Prelims                       MPLADS MPLADS is a central sector scheme fully funded by Government of India. The objective of the scheme is to enable MPs to recommend works related to the public assets development local areas with emphasis on creation of durable community in the areas of:  Drinking water Primary education Public health Sanitation Roads etc  primarily in their constituencies. Features :  Under this scheme, the annual MPLADS fund per member of parliament for his/her constituency Rs 5 crore is allocated. The amount 5 crores are given in two installment of Rs 2.5 crores each. The union cabinet has extend the period of continuation further up to 2025, per annum per member of parliament Rs 5 crores in two installmen...

26 Conference on parties( COP 26) of  United nations framework conference on Climate Change ( UNFCCC) was held in Glasgow, Scotland under presidentship  of United Kingdom on between October 31 and November 12, 2021. it aims to keep alive paris climate ageeement to limit  average temperature well below 2 degree Celsius  above from pre industrial level and efforts to limit 1.5 degree if possible.  Theme    "The Build Back Better world ( B3W) "  India's commitment at COP26 Intended nationally determined contribution : Indian  Prime minister Sri Narendra Modi announced Five pledges an ambitious action to tackle climate change based on the principle of climate justice and equity. These are all: To increase non-fossil energy capacity 500 GW by 2030 To meet 50 % energy requirements from renewable energy resources by 2030 To reduce total projected carbon emission by one billion tonne from now to 2030 To reduce carbon intensity of the economy by 45% t...

Topic      Energy infrastructure                    energy resources and conservation          energy crisis   Prelims           mains paper GS 3 " Solar energy is the most powerful tool that the world has in its toolkits to combat climate crisis. " International Solar Alliance is an international intergovernmental organization of Solar resources rich countries and  was launched in 2015 by the India and France in Paris during the 21st. conference on parties on United Nations Framework Conference on Climate Change ( UNFCCC). ISA is unique in its focus on spreading Solar to Emerging economies including small Island states.  ISA is a platform for cooperation among government, bilateral, multilateral, industry to increase the use and quality of Solar energy.  The head quarter of the Secretariat of ISA is in Gurugram, Haryana.  Both India and France ar...

      India's commitment at COP26 Intended nationally determined contribution : Indian  Prime minister Sri Narendra Modi announced Five pledges an ambitious action to tackle climate change based on the principle of climate justice and equity. These are all: Source: Twitter  To increase non-fossil energy capacity 500 GW by 2030 To meet 50 % energy requirements from renewable energy resources by 2030 To reduce total projected carbon emission by one billion tonne from now to 2030 To reduce carbon intensity of the economy by 45% till 2030 ( from the previous target of 35%) To achieve net zero target by 2070. Requirements  : the target will require financial investments and skilled workers for deployments of renewable energy. Infrastructure projects for small island countries :  Indian prime minister Sri Narendra Modi announced climate resilient  infrastructure project from Scotland for small island countries ISRO will built a special data window for ...